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Module 1 — Effective
writing: Strategies
and principles
Course Guide   Module 1   Module 2a   Module 2b

Parallel structure

It helps readers if you organize your writing so that like constructions echo like ideas. This is called parallel structure, and it is a great aid for giving your writing force and clarity. Parallel structure is particularly important in lists and bulleted points.

Below, on the left, you will see examples where parallel ideas are not reflected by parallel grammatical structure.

POOR

BETTER

By the end of this module, you will learn both editing and to proofread.

By the end of this module, you will learn both editing and proofreading.

He took a new job as coordinator, minute taker, and organizing publicity.

He took a new job as coordinator, minute secretary, and publicity officer.

Daily duties include:

  • taking minutes of meetings;
  • obtaining files from archives;
  • transcribe from dictaphone;
  • help visitors;
  • The Director's schedule must be printed for each day.

Daily duties include:

  • taking minutes of meetings;
  • obtaining files from archives;
  • transcribing from dictaphone;
  • helping visitors;
  • printing the Director's daily schedule.

The Department priorities for the following period include:

  • preparation of Department’s strategic plan;
  • a new manager needs to be hired;
  • to recruit three additional officers;
  • recommend a set of suitable projects for approval.

The Department priorities for the following period include:

  • preparing the Department’s strategic plan;
  • hiring a new manager;
  • recruiting three additional officers;
  • recommending a set of suitable projects for approval.
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